Comment by lmm

> OSI is just a model and it is not limited to end stations. What gives you that impression?

I didn't say anything about end stations? The point is that a switch is inherently a violation of OSI layering (it uses layer-3 information to make layer-2 decisions), which given that practically all modern networks are switched, suggests that the 7-layer model may not be that useful for modelling real-world networks.