Comment by jkingsbery

I'm curious where Erlang fits into this story. It was built to be a "systems" language but algorithms are tersely implemented (I forget exactly, but I remember reading about a study that an Erlang program is much shorter than the comparable C program), and has gradual typing of a sort. It also is garbage collected (I don't think you could "write your own memory allocator in it", as Andrei Alexandrescu described).