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Comment by duskwuff

6 years ago

18 MHz, actually -- the FPGA clock speed is 73 MHz, but it executes the equivalent of one 6502 clock cycle in four of its clocks.

That being said, this was implemented on a budget-line FPGA from 2006 (XC3S50A - a small Xilinx Spartan-3A). A modern performance-line FPGA would probably hit a couple hundred MHz easily.

It's still surprising how little relatively to the level of perceived performance have IPC count improved since seventies.

  • It seems to me that computational throughput has improved exponentially, but latency for input tasks etc. has in fact worsened in many cases.

  • Per TFA IPC has improved by about factor of 5, assuming a 3GHz machine runs BBC micro at equivalent performance of 15GHz

    • Reality for (SIMD) integer math is probably closer to 1000, floating point... probably 100000.

  • You're wrong :)

    IPCs for 6502 or Z80 (4x "faster" clock but 3-6 cycles per machine cycle) processors were at the count of clock cycles per instruction

    Even a measly 386/486 were much faster than that.

    Enter the Pentium with the ability to execute 2 instructions in parallel.

    IPC count were the big gainers recently as well

    • It is still only 20-30 fold at max on average. So much more came from many thousand fold clock speed increase, and much wider execution paths.