Comment by i_have_an_idea

Kind of, but it is done separately from regular indexing, at a much lower volume and it is filled with loads of gotchas [1] that can make Googlebot skip your site.

In practice, what happens is Google spends their JS rendering resources on the top sites and will very rarely render a new site. Generally, assuming you stay clear of all the gotchas, Googlebot can eventually "see" your JS-rendered content but it will certainly take a lot longer to be indexed and, therefore, it will take longer to appear in search results. If you or your clients rely on organic search traffic for your site, then picking client rendering based tech is certainly a bad decision.

[1] https://developers.google.com/search/docs/advanced/javascrip...