Comment by xeeeeeeeeeeenu

Excerpt from an Onet article[1] about this:

>Until a few years ago, rolling stock manufacturers such as Newag from Nowy Sącz and PESA from Bydgoszcz were able to dominate the maintenance market. It was mainly them who entered tenders for compulsory maintenance of their vehicles, because other companies knew they were at a disadvantage. At the time, the dominant narrative of the manufacturers was that the "Maintenance System Documentation," a kind of manual for a given vehicle, was the manufacturer's secret, its intellectual property, and under no circumstances could this be passed on to other service companies. This led to a situation in which railroad companies across the country were forced to use the manufacturer's expensive service. And the latter, having a monopoly on repairing its trains, dictated outlandish prices, even tens of percent higher than another company would have given, the rail safety expert points out.

>Our source adds that later, thanks to the European Union Agency for Railways, the interpretation of regulations changed, allowing other companies access to service trains. This led to the opening of the market to other companies in the industry.

[1] - https://wiadomosci.onet.pl/kraj/awarie-pociagow-newagu-haker...