Comment by EdiX

It seems to me that what you are describing is usually called software transactional memory. It has its own set of problems (bad performance with high granularity and livelocks, although you can probably avoid livelocks if you only care about using it for abnormal terminations) but it doesn't fully resolve the problem here. Yes, not leaving memory in an invalid state goes a long way but any form of IPC is potentially problematic: consider what happens if the thread is writing to a socket borrowed from a pool, or to a disk file.

Not impossible to deal with but everything you do needs to be designed with cancellation-at-any-point in mind, it doesn't seem worth it to me.