Comment by gorgonical

Probably an obvious addendum here, but the classes I remember having the most engaging lectures were flipped style where you didn't need to take notes necessarily, because the class was about discussing and deepening the understanding of material you saw already. That was true for my physics classes as well as philosophy. I think it was doubled up in usefulness when we were assigned material that asked us to act on our deepened understanding soon, e.g. before the next class period, such as one of the many "opinion pieces" we wrote for things like dualism/monism, etc.

Technical subjects achieve this with labs, too. It doesn't scale but we see clearly that scaling isn't always very desirable, especially if it leads to this regression.