Comment by Analemma_

It's always dangerous to stick one's neck out and say "[this many bits] ought to be enough for anybody", but I think it's very unlikely we'll ever run out of UTF-8 sequences. UTF-8 can represent about 1.1 million code points, of which we've assigned about 160,000 actual characters, plus another ~140,000 in the Private Use Area, which won't expand. And that's after getting nearly all of the world's known writing systems: the last several Unicode updates have added a few thousand characters here and there for very obscure and/or ancient writing systems, but those won't go on forever (and things like emojis rarely only get a handful of new code points per update, because most new emojis are existing code points with combining characters).

If I had to guess, I'd say we'll run out of IPv6 addresses before we run out of unassigned UTF-8 sequences.