Comment by jillesvangurp

The problem with that definition is that modern languages like Rust, Go, and Javascript fall between the cracks here with de-emphasizing things like classes and inheritance while still providing things like generics, interfaces, encapsulation, etc.

For example, Javascript was influenced by a few languages, one of which was a language called Self which is a Smalltalk like language where instead of instantiating classes you clone existing objects. It's a prototype based language. So, there weren't any classes for a long time in Javascript. Which is why there are these weird class like module conventions where you create an object with functions inside that you expose. Later versions of ECMA script add classes as syntactic sugar for that. And Typescript does the same. But it's all prototypes underneath.

Go has this notion of structs that implement interfaces implicitly via duck typing. So you don't have to explicitly implement the interface but you can treat an object as if it implemented the interface simply if it full fills the contract provided by that interface. Are they objects? Maybe, maybe not. No object identity. Unless you consider a pointer/memory reference as an identifier.

Rust has traits and other constructs. So it definitely has a notion of encapsulation, polymorphism, etc., which are things associated with OOP. But things like classes are not part of Rust and inheritance is not a thing. It also does not have object identity because it emphasizes things like immutability and ownership.

Many modern languages have some notion of objects though. Many of the languages that have classes tend to discourage inheritance. E.g. Kotlin's classes are closed by default (you can't extend them). The narrow IEEE definition is at this point a bit dated and reflects the early thinking in the sixties and seventies on OOP. A lot has happened since then.

I don't think a lot of these discussions are that productive because they conflate a lot of concepts and dumb things down too much. A lot of it boils down to "I heard that inheritance is bad because 'inject reasons' and therefore language X sucks". That's maybe a bit harsh on some languages that are very widely used at this point.