Comment by ethbr1

Caracas was definitely hit in preparation for the operation, and I'd assume air defenses and assets within scramble range were the primary targets.

Example footage that seems to track with BBC confirmed Caracas strike locations: https://x.com/sentdefender/status/2007340229536239646

The US had previously positioned a lot of USAF and Army air assets in Puerto Rico and on offshore platforms: https://www.twz.com/news-features/cv-22b-osprey-mc-130j-comm...

Those appear to have been used: https://x.com/sentdefender/status/2007339573156950095

In addition, USAF/USN have been flying ELINT platforms (e.g. RC-135s) off the coast for months now.

So even without the cooperation of any of the Venezuelan military, it's possible the mission was:

   1. Precision long-range strikes on air defense radars around Caracas (and possibly assets)
   2. Closer SEAD with F-35s to clear a path
   3. SOAR Delta Force infiltration with tactical air suppression
   4. CAP from F-35s to intercept any scrambled fighters
   5. Exfiltration along same route

If the intelligence was good (location of air defenses and Maduro), it's entirely possible the above just went off cleanly.

See: Desert Storm air campaign. Having capable anti-air assets doesn't matter when your enemy has access to more timely intelligence and the means to do something with it.