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Comment by tomp

3 days ago

Linear Regression a.k.a. Ordinary Least Squares assumes only Y has noise, and X is correct.

Your "visual inspection" assumes both X and Y have noise. That's called Total Least Squares.

Yep, to demonstrate, tilt it (swap x and y) and do it again. Maybe this is what TLS does?

  • >(swap x and y) and do it again.

    This is a great diagnostic check for symmetry.

    > Maybe this is what TLS does?

    No, swapping just exchanges the relation. What one needs to do is to put the errors in X and errors in Y in equal footing. That's exactly what TLS does.

    Another way to think about it is that the error of a point from the line is not measured as a vertical drop parallel to Y axis but in a direction orthogonal to the line (so that the error breaks up in X and Y directions). From this orthogonality you can see that TLS is PCA (principal component analysis) in disguise.