To find the largest number that is computable by a program of at most 64 bits in a non-cheating language; i.e. one that's not geared toward producing large numbers.
"Computable" has a well-known standard definition in this context, meaning a computable function[1]. In a given model of computation, a computable function is one for which an algorithm exists which computes the value of the function for every value of its argument. For example, the successor function adds 1 to an input number, and is computable. The halting problem (determine whether a program given in the argument halts) is not computable.
To find the largest number that is computable by a program of at most 64 bits in a non-cheating language; i.e. one that's not geared toward producing large numbers.
Do you have a mathematical formulation, or?
Ultimately you seem to pick a random definition of computing and size and then work with that?
"Computable" has a well-known standard definition in this context, meaning a computable function[1]. In a given model of computation, a computable function is one for which an algorithm exists which computes the value of the function for every value of its argument. For example, the successor function adds 1 to an input number, and is computable. The halting problem (determine whether a program given in the argument halts) is not computable.
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computable_function
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The article described why the choices were neither random nor particularly arbitrary.