Or more. The War of the Worlds was published half a century before Lem's first novel. And arguably SF goes back farther than that. Jules Verne in 1864. Frankenstein was published in 1818.
Yeah, I'm deliberately sticking to the time period when SF was recognized as a genre in its own right, distinct from others. Otherwise we might have to go back a few centuries, depending on one's definition of sci-fi!
Or more. The War of the Worlds was published half a century before Lem's first novel. And arguably SF goes back farther than that. Jules Verne in 1864. Frankenstein was published in 1818.
Yeah, I'm deliberately sticking to the time period when SF was recognized as a genre in its own right, distinct from others. Otherwise we might have to go back a few centuries, depending on one's definition of sci-fi!