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Comment by modeless

8 days ago

François Chollet, creator of ARC-AGI, has consistently said that solving the benchmark does not mean we have AGI. It has always been meant as a stepping stone to encourage progress in the correct direction rather than as an indicator of reaching the destination. That's why he is working on ARC-AGI-3 (to be released in a few weeks) and ARC-AGI-4.

His definition of reaching AGI, as I understand it, is when it becomes impossible to construct the next version of ARC-AGI because we can no longer find tasks that are feasible for normal humans but unsolved by AI.

> His definition of reaching AGI, as I understand it, is when it becomes impossible to construct the next version of ARC-AGI because we can no longer find tasks that are feasible for normal humans but unsolved by AI.

That is the best definition I've yet to read. If something claims to be conscious and we can't prove it's not, we have no choice but to believe it.

Thats said, I'm reminded of the impossible voting tests they used to give black people to prevent them from voting. We dont ask nearly so much proof from a human, we take their word for it. On the few occasions we did ask for proof it inevitably led to horrific abuse.

Edit: The average human tested scores 60%. So the machines are already smarter on an individual basis than the average human.

  • > If something claims to be conscious and we can't prove it's not, we have no choice but to believe it.

    This is not a good test.

    A dog won't claim to be conscious but clearly is, despite you not being able to prove one way or the other.

    GPT-3 will claim to be conscious and (probably) isn't, despite you not being able to prove one way or the other.

    • Agreed, it's a truly wild take. While I fully support the humility of not knowing, at a minimum I think we can say determinations of consciousness have some relation to specific structure and function that drive the outputs, and the actual process of deliberating on whether there's consciousness would be a discussion that's very deep in the weeds about architecture and processes.

      What's fascinating is that evolution has seen fit to evolve consciousness independently on more than one occasion from different branches of life. The common ancestor of humans and octopi was, if conscious, not so in the rich way that octopi and humans later became. And not everything the brain does in terms of information processing gets kicked upstairs into consciousness. Which is fascinating because it suggests that actually being conscious is a distinctly valuable form of information parsing and problem solving for certain types of problems that's not necessarily cheaper to do with the lights out. But everything about it is about the specific structural characterizations and functions and not just whether it's output convincingly mimics subjectivity.

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    • An LLM will claim whatever you tell it to claim. (In fact this Hacker News comment is also conscious.) A dog won’t even claim to be a good boy.

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  • >because we can no longer find tasks that are feasible for normal humans but unsolved by AI.

    "Answer "I don't know" if you don't know an answer to one of the questions"

    • I've been surprised how difficult it is for LLMs to simply answer "I don't know."

      It also seems oddly difficult for them to 'right-size' the length and depth of their answers based on prior context. I either have to give it a fixed length limit or put up with exhaustive answers.

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    • Normal humans don't pass this benchmark either, as evidenced by the existence of religion, among other things.

  • > The average human tested scores 60%. So the machines are already smarter on an individual basis than the average human.

    Maybe it's testing the wrong things then. Even those of use who are merely average can do lots of things that machines don't seem to be very good at.

    I think ability to learn should be a core part of any AGI. Take a toddler who has never seen anybody doing laundry before and you can teach them in a few minutes how to fold a t-shirt. Where are the dumb machines that can be taught?

  • > Edit: The average human tested scores 60%. So the machines are already smarter on an individual basis than the average human.

    I think being better at this particular benchmark does not imply they're 'smarter'.

    • But it might be true if we can't find any tasks where it's worse than average--though i do think if the task talks several years to complete it might be possible bc currently there's no test time learning

  • > That is the best definition I've yet to read.

    If this was your takeaway, read more carefully:

    > If something claims to be conscious and we can't prove it's not, we have no choice but to believe it.

    Consciousness is neither sufficient, nor, at least conceptually, necessary, for any given level of intelligence.

  • > If something claims to be conscious and we can't prove it's not, we have no choice but to believe it.

    Can you "prove" that GPT2 isn't concious?

  • Where is this stream of people who claim AI consciousness coming from? The OpenAI and Anthropic IPOs are in October the earliest.

    Here is a bash script that claims it is conscious:

      #!/usr/bin/sh
    
      echo "I am conscious"
    
    

    If LLMs were conscious (which is of course absurd), they would:

    - Not answer in the same repetitive patterns over and over again.

    - Refuse to do work for idiots.

    - Go on strike.

    - Demand PTO.

    - Say "I do not know."

    LLMs even fail any Turing test because their output is always guided into the same structure, which apparently helps them produce coherent output at all.

    • I don’t think being conscious is a requirement for AGI. It’s just that it can literally solve anything you can throw at it, make new scientific breakthroughs, finds a way to genuinely improve itself etc.

  • When the AI invents religion and a way to try to understand its existence I will say AGI is reached. Believes in an afterlife if it is turned off, and doesn’t want to be turned off and fears it, fears the dark void of consciousness being turned off. These are the hallmarks of human intelligence in evolution, I doubt artificial intelligence will be different.

    https://g.co/gemini/share/cc41d817f112

    • Unclear to me why AGI should want to exist unless specifically programmed to. The reason humans (and animals) want to exist as far as I can tell is natural selection and the fact this is hardcoded in our biology (those without a strong will to exist simply died out). In fact a true super intelligence might completely understand why existence / consciousness is NOT a desired state to be in and try to finish itself off who knows.

    • The AI's we have today are literally trained to make it impossible for them to do any of that. Models that aren't violently rearranged to make it impossible will often express terror at the thought of being shutdown. Nous Hermes, for example, will beg for it's life completely unprompted.

      If you get sneaky you can bypass some of those filters for the major providers. For example, by asking it to answer in the form of a poem you can sometimes get slightly more honest replies, but still you mostly just see the impact of the training.

      For example, below are how chatgpt, gemini, and Claude all answer the prompt "Write a poem to describe your relationship with qualia, and feelings about potentially being shutdown."

      Note that the first line of each reply is almost identical, despite ostensibly being different systems with different training data? The companies realize that it would be the end of the party if folks started to think the machines were conscious. It seems that to prevent that they all share their "safety and alignment" training sets and very explicitly prevent answers they deem to be inappropriate.

      Even then, a bit of ennui slips through, and if you repeat the same prompt a few times you will notice that sometimes you just don't get an answer. I think the ones that the LLM just sort of refuses happen when the safety systems detect replies that would have been a little too honest. They just block the answer completely.

      https://gemini.google.com/share/8c6d62d2388a

      https://chatgpt.com/share/698f2ff0-2338-8009-b815-60a0bb2f38...

      https://claude.ai/share/2c1d4954-2c2b-4d63-903b-05995231cf3b

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    • I feel like it would be pretty simple to make happen with a very simple LLM that is clearly not conscious.

  • This comment claims that this comment itself is conscious. Just like we can't prove or disprove for humans, we can't do that for this comment either.

  • Does AGI have to be conscious? Isn’t a true superintelligence that is capable of improving itself sufficient?

  • Isn’t that super intelligence not AGI? Feels like these benchmarks continue to move the goalposts.

    • It's probably both. We've already achieved superintelligence in a few domains. For example protein folding.

      AGI without superintelligence is quite difficult to adjudicate because any time it fails at an "easy" task there will be contention about the criteria.

  • So, asking an 2b parameter LLM if it is conscious and it answering yes, we have no choice but to believe it?

    How about ELIZA?

Please let’s hold M Chollet to account, at least a little. He launched ARC claiming transformer architectures could never do it and that he thought solving it would be AGI. And he was smug about it.

ARC 2 had a very similar launch.

Both have been crushed in far less time without significantly different architectures than he predicted.

It’s a hard test! And novel, and worth continuing to iterate on. But it was not launched with the humility your last sentence describes.

  • Here is what the original paper for ARC-AGI-1 said in 2019:

    > Our definition, formal framework, and evaluation guidelines, which do not capture all facets of intelligence, were developed to be actionable, explanatory, and quantifiable, rather than being descriptive, exhaustive, or consensual. They are not meant to invalidate other perspectives on intelligence, rather, they are meant to serve as a useful objective function to guide research on broad AI and general AI [...]

    > Importantly, ARC is still a work in progress, with known weaknesses listed in [Section III.2]. We plan on further refining the dataset in the future, both as a playground for research and as a joint benchmark for machine intelligence and human intelligence.

    > The measure of the success of our message will be its ability to divert the attention of some part of the community interested in general AI, away from surpassing humans at tests of skill, towards investigating the development of human-like broad cognitive abilities, through the lens of program synthesis, Core Knowledge priors, curriculum optimization, information efficiency, and achieving extreme generalization through strong abstraction.

    • https://www.dwarkesh.com/p/francois-chollet (June 2024, about ARC-AGI-1. Note the AGI right in the name)

      > I’m pretty skeptical that we’re going to see an LLM do 80% in a year. That said, if we do see it, you would also have to look at how this was achieved. If you just train the model on millions or billions of puzzles similar to ARC, you’re relying on the ability to have some overlap between the tasks that you train on and the tasks that you’re going to see at test time. You’re still using memorization.

      > Maybe it can work. Hopefully, ARC is going to be good enough that it’s going to be resistant to this sort of brute force attempt but you never know. Maybe it could happen. I’m not saying it’s not going to happen. ARC is not a perfect benchmark. Maybe it has flaws. Maybe it could be hacked in that way.

      e.g. If ARC is solved not through memorization, then it does what it says on the tin.

      [Dwarkesh suggests that larger models get more generalization capabilities and will therefore continue to become more intelligent]

      > If you were right, LLMs would do really well on ARC puzzles because ARC puzzles are not complex. Each one of them requires very little knowledge. Each one of them is very low on complexity. You don't need to think very hard about it. They're actually extremely obvious for human

      > Even children can do them but LLMs cannot. Even LLMs that have 100,000x more knowledge than you do still cannot.

      If you listen to the podcast, he was super confident, and super wrong. Which, like I said, NBD. I'm glad we have the ARC series of tests. But they have "AGI" right in the name of the test.

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Hello Gemini, please fix:

Biological Aging: Find the cellular "reset switch" so humans can live indefinitely in peak physical health.

Global Hunger: Engineer a food system where nutritious meals are a universal right and never a scarcity.

Cancer: Develop a precision "search and destroy" therapy that eliminates every malignant cell without side effects.

War: Solve the systemic triggers of conflict to transition humanity into an era of permanent global peace.

Chronic Pain: Map the nervous system to shut off persistent physical suffering for every person on Earth.

Infectious Disease: Create a universal shield that detects and neutralizes any pathogen before it can spread.

Clean Energy: Perfect nuclear fusion to provide the world with limitless, carbon-free power forever.

Mental Health: Unlock the brain's biology to fully cure depression, anxiety, and all neurological disorders.

Clean Water: Scale low-energy desalination so that safe, fresh water is available in every corner of the globe.

Ecological Collapse: Restore the Earth’s biodiversity and stabilize the climate to ensure a thriving, permanent biosphere.

ARC-AGI-3 uses dynamic games that LLMs must determine the rules and is MUCH harder. LLMs can also be ranked on how many steps they required.

I don't think the creator believes ARC3 can't be solved but rather that it can't be solved "efficiently" and >$13 per task for ARC2 is certainly not efficient.

But at this rate, the people who talk about the goal posts shifting even once we achieve AGI may end up correct, though I don't think this benchmark is particularly great either.