Comment by bit-anarchist

In regards to first point, I might not have made it clear, but betting, on its own, does not harm others, contrary to mugging or hitting a car. Property rights come with the associated duty of respecting others' properties afterall. Failure to do will result in the duty to repair and pay to restore the "correct" state to best of their abilities.

Onto the second, I don't think the people you mentioned actually wager stuff that they don't own. To be more precise, the problem is that they use criminal means to "rig" the bet in their favor. That, at least, seems to be what OP is talking about with incentives.

Finally, regarding the last, I agree that roles that require trust should have more norms and rules to enforce that trust. In case of strictly private roles, I personally believe they should be done via contracts and cultural pressures. For governmental roles, they should be enforce by laws (such as the one you suggested). Since this is a top-level, abstract, description, we can get into more about more specific cases (such as CEOs).