Comment by MutexMaven

Yes, they leveraged Intel Simics and many other tools like Matlab etc. to have "Digital Twin" simulations.

The extensive use of simulators and emulators has been particularly critical, enabling parallel design and development workflows to compensate for the incredibly expensive and long-lead times of hardware. So this helped with bottlenecks in development too.

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20190000011/downloads/20...