Comment by anonzzzies
7 hours ago
I wish that all announcements of models would show what (consumer) hardware you can run this on today, costs and tok/s.
7 hours ago
I wish that all announcements of models would show what (consumer) hardware you can run this on today, costs and tok/s.
The 27B model they release directly would require significant hardware to run natively at 16-bit: A Mac or Strix Halo 128GB system, multiple high memory consumer GPUs, or an RTX 6000 workstation card.
This is why they don’t advertise which consumer hardware it can run on: Their direct release that delivers these results cannot fit on your average consumer system.
Most consumers don’t run the model they release directly. They run a quantized model that uses a lower number of bits per weight.
The quantizations come with tradeoffs. You will not get the exact results they advertise using a quantized version, but you can fit it on smaller hardware.
The previous 27B Qwen3.5 model had reasonable performance down to Q5 or Q4 depending on your threshold for quality loss. This was usable on a unified memory system (Mac, Strix Halo) with 32GB of extra RAM, so generally a 64GB Mac. They could also be run on an nVidia 5090 with 32GB RAM or a pair of 16GB or 24GB GPUs, which would not run as fast due to the split.
Watch out for some of the claims about running these models on iPhones or smaller systems. You can use a lot of tricks and heavy quantization to run it on very small systems but the quality of output will not be usable. There is a trend of posting “I ran this model and this small hardware” repos for social media bragging rights but the output isn’t actually good.
Yea, this is currently the confusing part of running local models for newbies: Even after you have decided which model you want to run, and which org's quantizations to use (let's just assume Unsloth's for example), there are often dozens of quantizations offered, and choosing among them is confusing.
Say you have a GPU with 20GB of VRAM. You're probably going to be able to run all the 3-bit quantizations with no problem, but which one do you choose? Unsloth offers[1] four of them: UD-IQ3_XXS, Q3_K_S, Q3_K_M, UD-Q3_K_XL. Will they differ significantly? What are each of them good at? The 4-bit quantizations will be a "tight squeeze" on your 20GB GPU. Again, Unsloth steps up to the plate with seven(!!) choices: IQ4_XS, Q4_K_S, IQ4_NL, Q4_0, Q4_1, Q4_K_M, UD-Q4_K_XL. Holy shit where do I even begin? You can try each of them to see what fits on your GPU, but that's a lot of downloading, and then...
Once you [guess and] commit to one of the quantizations and do a gigantic download, you're not done fiddling. You need to decide at the very least how big a context window you need, and this is going to be trial and error. Choose a value, try to load the model, if it fails, you chose too large. Rinse and repeat.
Then finally, you're still not done. Don't forget the parameters: temperature, top_p, top_k, and so on. It's bewildering!
1: https://huggingface.co/unsloth/Qwen3.6-27B-GGUF
We made Unsloth Studio which should help :)
1. Auto best official parameters set for all models
2. Auto determines the largest quant that can fit on your PC / Mac etc
3. Auto determines max context length
4. Auto heals tool calls, provides python & bash + web search :)
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> Say you have a GPU with 20GB of VRAM. You're probably going to be able to run all the 3-bit quantizations with no problem, but which one do you choose? Unsloth offers[1] four of them: UD-IQ3_XXS, Q3_K_S, Q3_K_M, UD-Q3_K_XL
There are actually two problems with this:
First, the 3-bit quants are where the quality loss really becomes obvious. You can get it to run, but you’re not getting the quality you expected. The errors compound over longer sessions.
Second, you need room for context. If you have become familiar with the long 200K contexts you get with SOTA models, you will not be happy with the minimal context you can fit into a card with 16-20GB of RAM.
The challenge for newbies is learning to identify the difference between being able to get a model to run, and being able to run it with useful quality and context.
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Note that you could also run them on AMD (and presumably Intel) dGPUs. e.g. I have a 32GB R9700, which is much cheaper than a 5090, and runs 27B dense models at ~20 t/s (or MoE models with 3-4B active at ~80t/s). I expect an Arc B70 would also work soon if it doesn't already, and would likely be the price/perf sweet spot right now.
My R9700 does seem to have an annoying firmware or driver bug[0] that causes the fan to usually be spinning at 100% regardless of temperature, which is very noisy and wastes like 20+ W, but I just moved my main desktop to my basement and use an almost silent N150 minipc as my daily driver now.
[0] Or manufacturing defect? I haven't seen anyone discussing it online, but I don't know how many owners are out there. It's a Sapphire fwiw. It does sometimes spin down, the reported temperatures are fine, and IIRC it reports the fan speed as maxed out, so I assume software bug where it's just not obeying the fan curve
Yup, I suppose that these smaller, dense models are in the lead wrt. fast inference with consumer dGPUs (or iGPUs depending on total RAM) with just enough VRAM to contain the full model and context. That won't give you anywhere near SOTA results compared to larger MoE models with a similar amount of active parameters, but it will be quite fast.
I have 2x asrock R9700. One of the them was noticeably noisier than the other and eventually developed an annoying vibration while in the middle of its fan curve. Asrock replaced it under RMA.
i have a Strix Halo machine
typically those dense models are too slow on Strix Halo to be practical, expect 5-7 tps
you can get an idea by looking at other dense benchmarks here: https://strixhalo.zurkowski.net/experiments - i'd expect this model to be tested here soon, i don't think i will personally bother
This one is around 250 t/s prefill and 12.4 generation in my testing.
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I can run Qwen3.5-27B-Q4_K_M on my weird PC with 32 GB of system memory and 6 GB of VRAM. It's just a bit slow, is all. I get around 1.7 tokens per second.
IMO, everyone in this space is too impatient.
(Intel Core i7 4790K @ 4 Ghz, nVidia GTX Titan Black, 32 GB 2400 MHz DDR3 memory)
> but the quality of output will not be usable
Making the the right pick for model is one of the key problems as a local user. Do you have any references where one can see a mapping of problem query to model response quality?
Given the current best open-weight model (Kimi 2.6) is 1T A32B, I wonder how long we’ll have to wait for hardware like strix halo or gdx spark to be able to run it.
Because when you pay for a subscription they don't silently quantize the model a few week after release, and you can no longer get the full model running.
Otherwise no need for full fp16, int8 works 99% as well for half the mem, and the lower you go the more you start to pay for the quants. But int8 is super safe imo.
If these models reach quality of Opus 4.5, then DGX could be a good alternative for serious dev teams to run local models. It is not that expensive and has short time to make ROI
Memory bandwidth is the biggest L on the dgx spark, it’s half my MacBook from 2023 and that’s the biggest tok/sec bottleneck
You absolutely do not need to run at full BF16. The quality loss between BF16 (55.65 GB in GGUF) and Q8_0 (30.44 GB in GGUF) is essentially zero - think on the order of magnitude of +0.01-0.03 perplexity, or ~0.1-0.3% relative PPL increase. The quality loss between BF16 and Q4_K_M (18.66 GB in GGUF) is close to imperceptible, with perplexity changes in the +0.1-0.3 ballpark, or ~1-3% relative PPL increase. This would correlate to a 0-2% drop on downstream tasks like MMLU/GSM8K/HellaSwag: essentially indistinguishable.
You absolutely do NOT need a $3000 Strix Halo rig or a $4000 Mac or a $9000 RTX 6000 or "multiple high memory consumer GPUs" to run this model at extremely high accuracy. I say this as a huge Strix Halo fanboy (Beelink GTR 9 Pro), mind you. Where Strix Halo is more necessary (and actually offers much better performance) are larger but sparse MoE models - think Qwen 3.5 122B A10B - which offers the total knowledge (and memory requirements) of a 122B model, with processing and generation speed more akin to a 10B dense model, which is a big deal with the limited MBW we get in the land of Strix Halo (256 GB/s theoretical, ~220 GB/s real-world) and DGX Spark (273 GB/s theoretical - not familiar with real-world numbers specifically off the top of my head).
I would make the argument, as a Strix Halo owner, that 27B dense models are actually not particularly pleasant or snappy to run on Strix Halo, and you're much better off with those larger but sparse MoE models with far fewer active parameters on such systems. I'd much rather have an RTX 5090, an Arc B70 Pro, or an AMD AI PRO R9700 (dGPUs with 32GB of GDDR6/7) for 27B dense models specifically.
How many t/s output are you getting at Q4_K_M with 200k context on your Strix Halo if you ask it to add a new feature to a codebase.
I'm all for running large MoE models on unified memory systems, but developers of inference engines should do a better job of figuring out how to run larger-than-total-RAM models on such systems, streaming in sparse weights from SSD but leveraging the large unified memory as cache. This is easily supported with pure-CPU inference via mmap, but there is no obvious equivalent when using the GPU for inference.
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tbh ~1-3% PPL hit from Q4_K_M stopped being the bottleneck a while ago. the bottleneck is the 48 hours of guessing llama.cpp flags and chat template bugs before the ecosystem catches up. you are doing unpaid QA.
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Is it the same idea that when you go to luxury store you don't see prices on display?
Seems like nobody wants to admit they exclude working class from the ride.
I get ~5 tokens/s on an M4 with 32G of RAM, using:
35B-A3B model is at ~25 t/s. For comparison, on an A100 (~RTX 3090 with more memory) they fare respectively at 41 t/s and 97 t/s.
I haven't tested the 27B model yet, but 35B-A3B often gets off rails after 15k-20k tokens of context. You can have it to do basic things reliably, but certainly not at the level of "frontier" models.
We also made some dynamic MLX ones if they help - it might be faster for Macs, but llama-server definitely is improving at a fast pace.
https://huggingface.co/unsloth/Qwen3.6-27B-UD-MLX-4bit
What exactly does the .sh file install? How does it compare to running the same model in, say, omlx?
Why use --fit on on an M4? My understanding was that given the unified memory, you should push all layers to the GPU with --n-gpu-layers all. Setting --flash-attn on and --no-mmap may also get you better results.
When you say tok/s here are you describing the prefill (prompt eval) token/s or the output generation tok/s?
(Btw I believe the "--jinja" flag is by default true since sometime late 2025, so not needed anymore)
Here is llama-bench on the same M4:
So ~60 for prefill and ~5 for output on 27B and about 5x on 35B-A3B.
If someone doesn't specifically say prefill then they always mean decode speed. I have never seen an exception. Most people just ignore prefill.
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How is the quality of model answers to your queries? Are they stable over time?
I am wondering how to measure that anyway.
Using opencode and Qwen-Coder-Next I get it reliably up to about 85k before it takes too long to respond.
I tried the other qwen models and the reasoning stuff seems to do more harm than good.
There are infinite combinations of CPU/GPU capable of running LLMs locally. What most people do is buy the system they can afford and roughly meets their goals and then ball-park VRAM usage by looking at the model size and quantization.
For more a detailed analysis, there are several online VRAM calculators. Here's one: https://smcleod.net/vram-estimator/
If you have a huggingface account, you can set your system configuration and then you get little icons next to each quant in the sidebar. (Green: will likely fit, Yellow: Tight fit, Red: will not fit)
Further, t/s depends greatly on a lot of different factors, the best you might get is a guess based on context size.
One thing about running local LLMs right now, is that there are tradeoffs literally everywhere and you have to choose what to optimize for down to the individual task.
These calculators are almost entirely useless. They don't understand specific model architectures. Even the ones that try to support only specific models (like the apxml one) get it very wrong a lot of the time.
For example, the one you linked, when I provide a Qwen3.5 27B Q_4_M GGUF [0], says that it will require 338 GB of memory with 16-bit kv cache. That is wrong by over an order of magnitude.
[0] https://huggingface.co/bartowski/Qwen_Qwen3.5-27B-GGUF/resol...
Mine does https://github.com/gdevenyi/huggingface-estimate
I'm getting 30 t/s on RTX 4090D (using 42 out of 48GB VRAM) with UD-Q6_K_XL
https://huggingface.co/unsloth/Qwen3.6-27B-GGUF/discussions/...
I thought Q4_K_M is the standard. Why did you choose the 6-bit variant? Does it generate better input?
There is no standard.
The higher quantization - the better results, but more memory is needed. Q8 is the best.
Qwen3.5-27B with a 4bit quant can be run on a 24G card with no problem. With 2 Nvidia L4 cards and some additional vllm flags, i am serving 10 developers at 20-25tok/sek, off-peak is around 40tok/sek. Developers are ok with that performance, but ofc they requested more GPU's for added throughput.
What would be these additional vllm flags, if you don't mind sharing?
question: why not use something like Claude? is it for security reasons?
We do make Claude and Mistral available to our developers too. But, like you said, security. I, personally, do not understand how people in tech, put any amount of trust in businesses that are working in such a cutthroat and corrupt environment. But developers want to try new things and it is better to set up reasonable guardrails for when they want to use these thing by setting up a internal gateway and a set of reasonable policies.
And the other thing is that i want people to be able to experiment and get familiar with LLM's without being concerned about security, price or any other factor.
Some people would rather not hand over all of their ability to think to a single SaaS company that arbitrarily bans people, changes token limits, tweaks harnesses and prompts in ways that cause it to consume too many tokens, or too few to complete the task, etc.
I don't use any non-FLOSS dev tools; why would I suddenly pay for a subscription to a single SaaS provider with a proprietary client that acts in opaque and user hostile ways?
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You can point at the GGUF files and figure it out with your hardware here.
https://github.com/gdevenyi/huggingface-estimate
For Qwen3.5-27b I'm getting in the 20 to 25 tok/sec range on a 128GB Strix Halo box (Framework Desktop). That's with the 8-bit quant. It's definitely usable, but sometimes you're waiting a bit, though I'm not finding it problematic for the most part. I can run the Qwen3-coder-next (80b MoE) at 36tok/sec - hoping they release a Qwen3.6-coder soon.
I have a Framework Desktop too and 20-25 t/s is a lot better than I was expecting for such a large dense model. I'll have to try it out tonight. Are you using llama.cpp?
LMStudio, but it uses llama.cpp to run inference, so yeah. This is with the vulkan backend, not ROCm.
That sounds high for a Strix Halo with a dense 27b model. Are you talking about decode (prompt eval, which can happend in parallel) or generation when you quote tokens per second? Usually if people quote only one number they're quoting generation speed, and I would be surprised if you got that for generation speed on a Strix Halo.
> Qwen3.5-27b 8-bit quant 20 to 25 tok/sec
It that with some kind of speculative decoding? Or total throughput for parallel requests?
These might help if the provider doesn't offer the same details themselves. Of course, we have to wait for the newly released models to get added to these sites.
https://llmfit.io/
https://modelfit.io/
For Apple Mac, there is https://omlx.ai/benchmarks
At 8-bit quantization (q8_0) I get 20 tokens per second on a Radeon R9700.
As this is a dense model and it's pretty sizable, 4-bit quantization can be nearly lossless. With that, you can run this on a 3090/4090/5090. You can probably even go FP8 with 5090 (though there will be tradeoffs). Probably ~70 tok/s on a 5090 and roughly half that on a 4090/3090. With speculative decoding, you can get even faster (2-3x I'd say). Pretty amazing what you can get locally.
> As this is a dense model and it's pretty sizable, 4-bit quantization can be nearly lossless
The 4-bit quants are far from lossless. The effects show up more on longer context problems.
> You can probably even go FP8 with 5090 (though there will be tradeoffs)
You cannot run these models at 8-bit on a 32GB card because you need space for context. Typically it would be Q5 on a 32GB card to fit context lengths needed for anything other than short answers.
I just loaded up Qwen3.6 27B at Q8_0 quantization in llama.cpp, with 131072 context and Q8 kv cache:
Should fit nicely in a single 5090:
Even bumping up to 16-bit K cache should fit comfortably by dropping down to 64K context, which is still a pretty decent amount. I would try both. I'm not sure how tolerant Qwen3.5 series is of dropping K cache to 8 bits.
> You cannot run these models at 8-bit on a 32GB card because you need space for context
You probably can actually. Not saying that it would be ideal but it can fit entirely in VRAM (if you make sure to quantize the attention layers). KV cache quantization and not loading the vision tower would help quite a bit. Not ideal for long context, but it should be very much possible.
I addressed the lossless claim in another reply but I guess it really depends on what the model is used for. For my usecases, it's nearly lossless I'd say.
Turboquant on 4bit helps a lot as well for keeping context in vram, but int4 is definitely not lossless. But it all depends for some people this is sufficient
4-bit quantization is almost never lossless especially for agentic work, it's the lowest end of what's reasonable. It's advocated as preferable to a model with fewer parameters that's been quantized with more precision.
Yeah, figure the 'nearly lossless' claim is the most controversial thing. But in my defense, ~97% recovery in benchmarks is what I consider 'nearly lossless'. When quantized with calibration data for a specialized domain, the difference in my internal benchmark is pretty much indistinguishable. But for agentic work, 4-bit quants can indeed fall a bit short in long-context usecase, especially if you quantize the attention layers.
That seems awfully speculative without at least some anecdata to back it up.
Sure, go get some.
This isn't the first open-weight LLM to be released. People tend to get a feel for this stuff over time.
Let me give you some more baseless speculation: Based on the quality of the 3.5 27B and the 3.6 35B models, this model is going to absolutely crush it.
Not at all, I actually run ~30B dense models for production and have tested out 5090/3090 for that. There are gotchas of course, but the speed/quality claims should be roughly there.
Check out https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47363754)
CaniRun's not a great tool - look how long its been since it's been updated. It's not got any of the qwen3.6 models on the list nor the new kimi one. In fact it's missing many of the "popular" models.
Fwiw, huggingface does this on the page where you download the weights. Slightly different format though - you put all the hardware you have, and it shows which quants you can run.
Divide the value before the B by 2, and there's your answer if you get a Q4_K_M quant. Plus a bit of room for KV cache.
TLDR: If you have 14GB of VRAM, you can try out this model with a 4-bit quant.
Tokens per second is an unreasonable ask since every card is different, are you using GGUF or not, CUDA or ROCm or Vulkan or MLX, what optimizations are in your version of your inference software, flags are you running, etc.
Note that it's a dense model (the Qwen models have another value at the end of the MoE model names, e.g. A3B) so it will not run very well in RAM, whereas with a MoE model, you can spill over into RAM if you don't have enough VRAM, and still have reasonable performance.
Using these models requires some technical know-how, and there's no getting around that.
https://github.com/AlexsJones/llmfit gives a good approximation of that.
this is what the unsloth post is for
depends on format, compute type, quantization and kv cache size.
Specs for whatever they used to achieve the benchmarks would be a good start.
The benchmarks in the model card are purported to be measurements of model quality (ability to perform tasks with few errors), not speed.
They almost certainly run these benchmarks on their own cloud infrastructure (Alibaba afaik), which is typically not hardware that even the most enthusiastic homelab hobbyist can afford.
The benchmarks are from the unquantized model they release.
This will only run on server hardware, some workstation GPUs, or some 128GB unified memory systems.
It’s a situation where if you have to ask, you can’t run the exact model they released. You have to wait for quantizations to smaller sizes, which come in a lot of varieties and have quality tradeoffs.
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I just ran Unsloth's Q4_K_M quant on Macbook Pro M1 Max (2021), 32 GB RAM. Getting about 9 tok/s. Reported RAM usage 15.9 GB. It's okay, but a bit slow for my taste.
An example of a query and a response is below. It was done with 9.09 tok/s, 893 tokens, 7.56 seconds to first token, thought for 1 minute and 9 seconds.
Question: I gave the model this truth table and asked to tell me what boolean function would produce the output given A, B as inputs.
Answer: (note this is part of a larger conversation, where I was getting it to help me with some boolean logic):
27B dense is not a screamer, even on an RTX 6000, but it will run at full precision with (more than) enough room for context at the model's own capacity. You can expect about 30 tokens/second after prompt processing. Quants will likely run similarly well on the 16/24/32 GB consumer GPUs.
The 3.5 27B model was a strong and capable reasoner, so I have high hopes for this one. Thanks to the team at Qwen for keeping competition in this space alive.
I would detest the time/words it takes to hand hold through such a review, of teaching folks the basics about LLM like this.
It's also a section that, with hope, becomes obsolete sometime semi soon-ish.
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