Comment by woadwarrior01

As with most standards, there are three almost overlapping standards for image metadata. EXIF, IPTC and XMP. IPTC incidentally is hot again because certain generative AI providers add IPTC metadata[1] to the images they generate. Incidentally, OpenAI uses another standard for the same purpose, C2PA[2].

All of these, the author mentions. Now for SynthID[3], which both OpenAI and Google embed in the pixels of the images they generate. Needless to say, in mutually incompatible ways.

[1]: https://iptc.org/news/draft-for-public-comment-new-photo-met...

[2]: https://c2pa.org/

[3]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09263