Comment by ndr

There are game-theoretically aligned ways.

See for example https://oneacrefund.org/ [0] where they have a revolving loan fund.

OAF lends materials and teachers to farmers to make the more productive, by the end of the program they got productive enough to pay back the loan and OAF can lend the same money to someone else.

It's super capillary, with many boots on grounds and quality problems.

Embedded into this there's a good feedback channel: farmers who don't think are getting a good service stop paying back the loan. This allows OAF to go and audit what's failing there.

[0] The person who started also appeared in a podcast where they explained the basics https://foreveron.com/podcast/episode-035/