Comment by tancop

You send them digitally signed statements from other lenders (who are legally required to give them for free with accurate info) or independent rating agencies, they evaluate them and make a decision. They can have their own model or license one from FICO.

That does mean banks can't know if you lie by omission and hide some unpaid bills, but they can raise the evidence requirements to compensate and I think everyone deserves a second chance.