Spain train crash: 'At least 10 dead' in high-speed collision

15 hours ago (thetimes.com)

El Pais is reporting they think it was a controller error,

https://elpais.com/espana/2026-10-28/por-que-han-chocado-dos...

An automated system[*] had failed earlier this morning, so controllers were working manually.

[*] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linienzugbeeinflussung ("LZB")

[added translation]: "The LZB safety system, which controls Spain's high-speed rail network, malfunctioned on Wednesday morning, causing about eight trains to come to a halt in the area. The control center then switched to manual control and ordered all trains to resume operation. However, the Iryo, for reasons that remain unclear, was unable to start and remained stationary. And that is where human error came into play, according to these initial hypotheses."

  • Honestly, to blame the controller after the automated system has failed is pretty low. The system does not run this way normally for good reasons, and whilst the controller maybe trained to handle the situation they won't be well practised at it.

    The primary reason is computer failure followed by the decision to run the system manually.

    • When computers fail here in the Netherlands, trains are just stopped until they can be fixed.

      In some cases, trains can be ordered to drive "at sight" -- slow enough (walking speed, basically) to stop if there's something visible on the tracks that shouldn't be there (train, car, person, cow, whatever)

      5 replies →

    • Proper training focuses specifically on those exceptional situations (like it does for airplane pilots), with strong emphasis on always falling back on safe procedures. Even so, you can't cover 100% of possibilities.

I think Spain needs a complete mindset change, to fully come to the 21st century. While there are truly many people who "take their job" seriously, the overall "world of work", and professional standards are very, very low in Spain. Yes, it's a generalization, but anyone living in Spain will tell and complain about bad company practices, no or slow responses, and a general lack of professionalism, in all sectors.

Further than that, almost all problems and tension in Spain would disappear if earnings caught up to at least the European standard.

In short, Spain needs to re-invent its world of professionalism. I'm not saying that it should become like Swizerland overnight but the current mindset is incompatible with the 21st century's complexities. Portugal is currently further along that road.

  • Meanwhile people in the US have been framing Spain as some kind of post-work utopia. The "we quit our jobs and moved our family to Spain" is all over social media.

    • A lot of that is due to relatively low rents by EU standards (even if locals might complain, because their salaries are low compared to some other EU countries).

      1 reply →

  • >but anyone living in Spain will tell and complain about bad company practices, no or slow responses, and a general lack of professionalism, in all sectors.

    Sounds just like Germany, France, Belgium, Italy and any many other EU countries, including the EU itself, where there's "employment for life" guaranteed by the state or by strong unions, which makes them ripe for cronyism, complacency and incompetence to thrive unchecked until people inevitably die, and only then can audits and system reforms actually be done. The way it works, is that things need to get worse, before they are allowed to get better. I think this has been the case in politics since time immemorial.

    >Further than that, almost all problems and tension in Spain would disappear if earnings caught up to at least the European standard. [...] Portugal is currently further along that road

    From what I saw interviewing, Portugal has much lower earnings, and earnings aren't something the government can control. What the government CAN DO to stimulate high earnings to happen, is provide incentives and an environment for attracting businesses and investment, but that typically correlates with low taxes and low government welfare spending, policies that Spaniards and other Europeans aren't known for supporting, so there you go. You get what you vote for.

Just a couple of days ago the Spanish Transport minister appeared in a comedy sketch where he made fun of the current dysfunctional state of the rail system he is responsible of[1]:

> "Due to a system malfunction, the elevator will be out of service longer than usual," the public address system announces. The minister laments, "Oh, for heaven's sake. As if we didn't have enough to deal with already with Renfe."

Very funny minister...

[1] https://www.lasexta.com/programas/cara-show-marc-giro/oscar-...

  • It's an absolute disgrace to the country that this man first got to minister position, and that it's still there after two major incidents with lots of deaths.

  • It's all fun and games until the perpetual state of neglect leads to the failure of a safety system and someone gets hurt. But I'm sure letting the rail system fall into disrepair to the point of people dying is saving a lot of tax money.

    Surely the lesson people will take away from this is that rail infrastructure is an important public good worth funding properly and worth maintaining publicly via an actual government agency rather than a government-owned for-profit corporation required to compete in a market in which it is at the inherent disadvantage of public scrutiny.

    Surely the lesson won't be that this is evidence that said corporation's inefficency needs to be fixed by cutting out more of the few profitable chunks of the natural monopoly to be sold to the lowest bidder until it become so defunct you can make a case for selling it for scrap entirely so people can personally pay for individualized transport instead of sharing a public good, because the market demands monetization.

    • > worth maintaining publicly via an actual government agency rather than a government-owned for-profit corporation required to compete in a market in which it is at the inherent disadvantage of public scrutiny.

      The rail infrastructure is already publicly maintained via a government agency, ADIF. ADIF is not a goverment-owned for-profit corporation, its primary mandate is public service, not profit maximization, and ADIF doesn't compete with anyone, it's a state monopoly.

      2 replies →

Every year that passes, Japan's record of zero fatal high-speed train accidents since the Shinkansen was inaugurated in the 1960s becomes more and more incredible, with 10 billion passengers and counting.

(Excluding suicides/people falling on tracks, that is. And that one poor student in 1995 who got stuck in the door of a departing train and was dragged to his death.)

https://www.reuters.com/world/two-high-speed-trains-rear-end...

Says the Spanish train crash in Jan of this year that killed 46 was the "same operators on the same line."

  • Both accidents involved Iryo, a Italian operator that started running high speed trains on Spain a few years ago. Given how small their fleet is, it's weird that they have been involved in every recent accident, but at least the Adamuz one was clearly the fault of the tracks and not the trains.

    • Spain's network liberalization is recent-ish, operators like Iryo exist since 2021.

      Perhaps the synchronization between renfe and others is a weak point in the system. Decades of assuming that everything in the network is theirs, increased wear and tear, etc.

      1 reply →

  • The train operators do not seem to be a factor in either incident. Still too early to know what happened today, but the first findings point to an entirely different type of incident.

    • Also it's of course worth acknowledging that the means of preventing accidents as a train operator is fairly limited beyond the basics. Even if you see something and react in time, trains are extremely efficient at going where the rails will take them but that makes them also very bad at stopping to do so even when you want them to.

Article is completely pay walled; please consider deleting and reposting with a readable source.

  • [flagged]

    • This is public news. There should be free resources available. They should be the resources published here.

      Nobody's saying journalists shouldn't be paid. But that doesn't mean all public access to public news should be paywalled.

      3 replies →

    • I agree, but we need a balance here where I can pay for a sub and it gives me an all access pass to a variety of news sources.

      The whole world has sub fatigue. I can't sub to everything.

      Segway: make the internet itself a paid subscription and then have a profit sharing model for all content generators. Ban ads. Shit, make it something covered through taxes that governments around the world support and have billionaires subsidize it more heavily.

    • this article is 99% likely an AI-assisted rewrite from a freely-available report, lmao.

      99% of original content from "journalists" are worthless opinion pieces.

https://www.france24.com/en/europe/20261028-two-high-speed-t...

As of writing the article says 10. Other sources, sadly, indicate up to 39.

People can say it's 'years of neglect' and might even believe it, but to me it's clear train liberalisation directly caused 2 train incident in Spain this year. Yes trains are slightly cheaper (for now, look at GB to estimate how long the low prices will last), but I'm not so sure the redundancy you pay for in a public monopoly is worthless, especially in areas where an incident can cause this many deaths.

  • "Directly" is way too strong. Yes, it may have been a factor here that the train that remained standing still was from another operator, but there are many more important factors at play, the main one being apparent lack of safety mindset of the controller. In other European countries with even more operators, the safety record is not commensurably worse.

    • It is though. It's like the electricity market. We try to liberalize it, we see it doesn't work, so we add regulations and regulators (here the "controller"), and each time there is a failure, we blame regulation or regulators, or both. Sometime when it's too egregious we blame the particular company that was caught fucking up, because blaming the system that allows such fuck ups would cost to much: ideologues in power agreeing to the idea that maybe, market do not work everywhere.

      Nice job, i won't get fooled again though.

      1 reply →

  • Also the train network was neglected a lot since the 70s-80s so the car and oil companies could earn huge profits.

At this point, Spain must have the worst high speed rail safety record in Europe if not.. more broadly?

I am a little surprised doing some light searching that its one of the longest high speed rail systems / highest passenger count HSR systems in Europe?

I've only taken HSR in France & Italy and not been to Spain in over 15 years so was not aware of the build out.

  • Would be interesting to see the figures per passenger-mile and per passenger-journey.

    • According to cursory search:

      * Spain HSR ~45M annual journeys / 30B annual passenger-kms

      * Italy HSR ~65M annual journeys / 50B annual passenger-kms

      * France HSR ~150M annual journeys / 110B annual passenger-kms

      "Italy’s annual high-speed rail (HSR) passenger fatality rate is effectively zero, as there has never been a passenger fatality recorded on the country’s dedicated high-speed network"

      "France’s dedicated high-speed lines (LGV—Lignes à Grande Vitesse) have historically maintained an extraordinary safety record. Across several decades of commercial operation since launching in 1981, there has never been a passenger fatality resulting from a high-speed crash during commercial service on a dedicated high-speed line"

      Spain by comparison has 2 fatal accidents adding up to ~100 passenger deaths this year alone. Something like 300 fatalities in its history.

      This is quite bad.

The government here in Spain is more concerned with staying in power than solving real problems or improving infrastructure. Hope this was the final straw we have to endure and they pay for their negligence at best, evil at worst in court.

Sorry to make a political statement with this tragedy, but the downgrade in Spain in recent years is just too much.

DEP and my condolences to the relatives and love ones.

  • Yes, you could have saved yourself the disgraceful jab, specially taking into account that it was the previous government who disinvested in rail.

    wastedpotenTial indeed...

  • Not only it's a political statement but it's also one that's disingenuous.

    The dismantling of public services, of which the maintenance of train tracks is part of it, has been done by all kinds of governing parties in Spain, and the cuts have been greater when a right wing government was in place.

    To shift all the blame to just the latest ones in power is manipulative at best.

    • Let me state some facts:

      The current government has been in power for more than 8 years. Eight years. To deflect blame to a currently non existent right wing movement is real mental gymnastics on your end.

      Close collaborators of the current president are in jail due to corruption, much of it from stealing from ADIF.

      It's the second time in a year something like this happens.

      All my thoughts go to the victims of this tragedy.

      1 reply →

There is something deeply broken with Spanish rail.

  • The Adamuz train crash was a maintenance issue, or lack of checks after the maintenance jobs, as some sources say that part of the line was very recently renewed. Today's crash seems to be a human failure from ADIF train control.

    • This one is the kind of thing that's not supposed to be able to even happen (one train running into the back of another) if positive train control is implemented properly.

      People rag on the USA refusing to allow higher speeds without PTC but their system is very simple and it works (it throws the train into emergency if it passes a red signal by physically knocking out the air).

      7 replies →

    • It's also a maintenance issue. The automatic control systems were offline and that's why they were manually controlling the trains.

      1 reply →

    • The human failure appears to be mistake number 3 or 4.

      1. Automated system fails 2. Decision is made to run the system manually 3. Iyro train fails to move on when instructed (Comms failure?, train failure?) 4. Controller uses imprecise language when instructing following train.

      To say this is totally down to 4 is to scapegoat the last link in the chain.

It baffles my mind that trains never had the technology for sensors so they could atleast slow down before incoming collisions.

Stuff like this just further enhances my fear of collective travelling.

  • They do have such sensors, and have for many years! Japan's shinkansen pioneered this tech in the 1960s (and has an essentially perfect safety record). It's just that by necessity, the sensing is done through the tracks, rather than directly by the train cars.

    You might be imagining something like the automated emergency braking that's used in automobiles, where radar is used to detect an imminent collision. But high-speed trains have stopping distances measured in miles, and it's not feasible for one train to detect another at such distances (especially e.g. on parallel tracks or around curves).

    So instead the train positions have to be monitored and relayed by sensors in the tracks, which necessitates a coordination system. And it seems that that system is what broke down. The automated system should have been (and presumably was) fail-safe, but instead of stopping trains until it was fixed, the operators chose to override it and use a much more fallible manual signaling system.

    > Stuff like this just further enhances my fear of collective travelling.

    I'm sure you're already aware that this is an irrational fear. As bad as this accident is, and as reprehensible as it was that it was allowed to happen, I'm pretty sure there have still been significantly fewer fatalities per passenger-km in Spain this year than there have been on US highways. It's just that we've become numb to the fact that 100 Americans die in car accidents every day.

  • Metro style trains all have it. It's just continental long distance systems that are sometimes lax about those things.

    Train wheels are all solid metal so you can watch out for electrical faults between the left and right rails. You can, and this is in fact how many metro style trains operate, require the ground infra to be responding OK and report no faults in the next part of the rail for the train to enter a new section.

    Reading other comments, looks like this Spanish system did have a German system that is more advanced that basic electrical fault based system, it was just switched off because it was broken. That's downright reckless, and it shouldn't be a normal behavior.

    They don't advertise you how those things work, because it's useless information for most. Doesn't mean they never had such systems for the past ~150 years.

From the article in El País:

> “A human error by an [state-owned railway infrastructure company] Adif operator in response to a malfunction in the main signaling system is the likely cause of the accident,” government sources said. This safety system is automated, but when it fails, it switches to manual mode. That is why the trains came to a stop when the automatic safety system failed, and service resumed under human control — and that is where the error occurred, according to initial analyses.

This is not the first time something broadly like that happens. In 2013 another train crashed because there was a section of the track where the operator had to manually adjust the speed, and he didn't.

One would think that the operation of these trains would be fully automated at all times, and with sufficient allowances to handle emergencies safely.

Point in case: Japan has not had a single death due to a crash of a high speed train, even though they have been operating an extensive network for decades.

  • The operation is fully automated until the point when the system breaks and the human controller orders manual overrides.

    They could have waited for recovery etc. The issue is they switched to manual and then botched it. We don't know root cause yet (bad management, timetable pressure, lax work culture...?).

    • According to the available information, the failure of the automated system caused six trains to stop. They were then given manually the go-ahead to proceed at full speed (!!!). Six does not sound like a huge number of them to ensure that the train ahead is moving normally before the train behind is told to continue. This sounds like a massive failure in either the protocol or the operator's ability to follow the protocol. Mind boggling stuff, really.

      As a Spaniard I am profoundly ashamed that these crashes are happening, when other countries like China, France and Japan seem to manage just fine with their extensive high-speed rail networks.

Another one.

The public minister of transport is still on his chair after the last ones. No responsability admited and blaming the far right for attacking him with media.

Is amazing how the current politic scene at spain has shittified, they get away with everything and ppl will still clap for them.

more like 46 dead already

so much for European safety, now compare it to volumes on Chinese HSR and number of deaths there compared to Spain

edit: inconvenient truth for downvoters?

50 according one of the biggesr Spanish newspapers, just open the homepage, you can read 50 even in Spanish

https://www.abc.es

so thanks everyone for downvotes just because you use slow news sources or deny the truth EU high speed trains are extremely dangerous compared to China on deaths/volume

Just a few days ago Spain is still in riot mode. The next protest is going to be on 31th October apparently.

This is gonna add fuel to the fire, and as I lived in East Asia (Hong Kong to be specific) I'm kind of curious why it all happened around the eurozone lately.

France, Albania, Belgium, Spain, Greece, UK and Serbia recently (although it is not eurozone but closely related anyway as part of the great Balkans). What's left? Germany and Poland I guess?

Anyhow it really reminds me of the First World War

  • Spain is not in riot mode and the two violent riots are not related to political protests nor have political goals.

  • Failure of 'third way' liberalisation politics explain some of it. Serbia it's way more complicated than that though.

  • I can't see why you would think a train crash would "add fuel to the fire"

    • because it is symptom of Sanchez government, two high speed train crashes within a year, his minister not resigning, throw there high living expenses, no wonder Spaniards protest

      1 reply →