Comment by iSnow

Not if drivers switch to full manual control. For the ETCS control system:

- in normal mode (Full Supervision) the driver's actions are monitored and unsafe operations lead to an emergency brake

- but there is a fully manual mode (Staff Responsible) which does exactly that - the driver is fully responsible for what they do. If they get bad instructions from the control center, no technical barrier against crashes exist.

Older systems like LZB usually are even more permissible.