Comment by dwighttk

Here is a list of all possible badges:

  badges.push(["story-teller", "Story Teller", "Has submitted a story to Hacker News."]);
  badges.push(["inquisitive", "Inquisitive", "Has submitted an ask HN."]);
  badges.push(["show-off", "Show Off", "Has submitted an show HN."]);
  badges.push(["out-of-park", "Out of the park!", "Has submitted anything to HN with at least 100 upvotes."]);
  badges.push(["won-the-internet", "Won the internet!", "Has submitted anything to HN with at least 500 upvotes."]);
  badges.push(["market-researcher", "Marker Researcher", "Has submitted a poll HN."]);
  badges.push(["self-describer", "Self Describer", "Has written something in the about section of their profile. Thanks for sharing, " + user + "!"]);
  badges.push(["memior", "Memior", "About section has over 1000 characters."]);
  badges.push(["has-a-life", "Has a life", "Hasn't interacted with HN for over 180 days."]);
  badges.push(["fword", "F Word!", "Has used the F word in at least 2 comments and more than 0.1% of comments. " + user + " has " + fWordInfo.nbHits + " such comments."]);
  badges.push(["gordan-ramsey", "Gordan Ramsey", "Has used the F word in at least 10 comments and more than 1% of comments. " + user + " has " + fWordInfo.nbHits + " such comments."]);
  badges.push(["rick-roller", "Rick Roller", "Has mentioned Rick Astley in a comment."]);
  badges.push(["motor-mouth", "Motor Mouth", "Has over 10000 comments."]);
  badges.push(["mute", "Mute", "Less than 10 comments."]);
  badges.push(["flag-powers", "Flag Powers", "Has enough karma to flag submissions."]);
  badges.push(["colorful", "Colorful", "Has enough karma to set their header color."]);
  badges.push(["downvote-powers", "Downvote Powers", "Has enough karma to downvote other users. This doesn't necessarily mean they have downvoted you!"]);
  badges.push(["4-figure-karma", "4 Figure Karma", "Has reached or exceeded 1000 karma points."]);
  badges.push(["5-figure-karma", "5 Figure Karma", "Has reached or exceeded 10000 karma points."]);
  badges.push(["earthly-nirvana", "Earthly Nirvana", "Has reached or exceeded 100000 karma points."]);
  badges.push(["pretty-good-commenter", "Pretty Good Commenter", "Has a karma/comment ratio of 5 or higher."]);
  badges.push(["substantive-commenter", "Substantive Commenter", "Has a karma/comment ratio of 10 or higher."]);
  badges.push(["og", "OG", "An original user of HN, by my arbitrary definition: someone who joined before 2008. " + joinSentence]);
  badges.push(["early-adopter", "Early Adopter", "An early adopter of HN, by my arbitrary definition: someone who joined before 2010. " + joinSentence]);
  badges.push(["necro-linker", "Necro Linker", "About page links to defunct service, e.g. hnchat.com."]);
  badges.push(["call-me-anytime", "Call Me Anytime", "Profile has a US telephone number."]);
  badges.push(["bird-of-a-feather", "Bird of a feather", "Has a Twitter link/reference in about page."]);
  badges.push(["corporate-drone", "Corporate Drone", "Has a Linked in URL in about page."]);
  badges.push(["tim-berners-lee", "Tim Berners Lee", "Has a link in about page."]);
  badges.push(["git", "Git", "Has a Github link in their about page."]);
  badges.push(["programmer", "Programmer", "Mentions a programming language in their about page."]);
  badges.push(["top-secret", "Top Secret", "Has a Keybase link in their about page."]);
  badges.push(["open-book", "Open Book", "Has an About Me link in their about page."]);
  badges.push(["beggar", "Beggar", "Has a Patreon Link in their about page."]);
  badges.push(["bitcoiner", "Bitcoiner", "Has a Bitcoin Address in their about page."]);
  badges.push(["friend", "Friend", "Has a link to this very site!"]);

There is no description when you hover apart from the text itself.

On desktop it's not even mouse over, you click and a native (thread-blocking) alert is shown.