Comment by f38zf5vdt

Most of them are not, just estimations based on previous results given sequences with known structure.

Every couple years there is a massive competition called CASP where labs submit previously unresolved protein structures derived from experimental EM, x-ray crystallography, or NMR studies and other labs attempt to predict these structures using their software. AlphaFold2 absolutely destroyed the other labs in the main contest (regular monomeric targets, predominantly globular) for structure resolution two years ago, in CASP 14.

https://predictioncenter.org/casp14/zscores_final.cgi

The latest contest, CASP15, is currently underway and expected to end this year. As with all ML, the usual caveats apply to the models Google generated -- the dangers of overfitting to existing structures, artifacts based on the way the problem was modelled, etc