Comment by transpute
6 months ago
There's roughly 4 different approaches to Linux on Android:
• virtual machine emulating x86_64
• Termux
• arm64 binaries running in chroot
• proot.. Same idea as chroot, but doesn't use forbidden system calls
Fifth option: arm64 pKVM VM from Android 15 on Pixel 7+ phone/tablet hardware using nested h/w virtualization. Shipped in 2025 under the uninformative name of "Linux Terminal" via Development options, Android now has full Debian Linux with VM root, no emulation, compatible with USB-c desktop display.
https://www.androidauthority.com/android-linux-terminal-purp...
> The main purpose of this Linux terminal feature is to bring more apps (Linux apps/tools/games) into Android, but NOT to bring yet another desktop environment.. Ideally, when in the desktop window mode, Linux apps shall be rendered on windows just like with other native Android apps.. GPU acceleration is something we are preparing for the next release.
Hopefully Android 2025 Linux VMs will lead to iOS 19 VMs at WWDC, since Apple wants to sell smart glasses to compete with Meta glasses.
Maybe you mean Android 16? I checked Android 15 w/ LineageOS and do not see the option there.
edit: apparently this only just released on LineageOS 22.2. Also your hardware needs to support pKVM as you mentioned, which means only recent devices (only Pixels currently?).
Just tried to install that on my pixel 9, and the option is there (Linux development) and the Terminal app is there, but it seems to freeze on launch, when it asks for permission to get Location. Bummer I was looking forward to this!
This worked for me: Go to the app info, set the permissions and run it again.
Works! Thanks for spending the time replying :-)
Technically Pixel 6 has the pKVM feature too (I have the terminal app from the feature drop when it was added). We're just missing DP alt mode introduced from Pixel 8 onwards
I use NOMone; works really well. Runs everything I need including vscode/cursor, node and anything else I need without any fiddling, it just all works. Obviously the new linux vm is likely nicer, but this works really well so far.
0] https://desktop.nomone.com/
This seems pretty nice, but fair warning to anyone planning on checking this out, it's actually just a trial version, and the full version is $8. Not too expensive, but doesn't feel great to me that this information is completely omitted until you download and run the app.
You can check for quite a long time and then pay a one off $8. Not ideal as I like opensource, but seems quite a lot of work went into it and it's a smooth experience.
I have nothing to do with them, I am happy with something that just works for all I need it for without having to take all kinds of expert steps. It Just Works. Maybe some massive companies can learn from this; the list is large.
Thanks for the pointer, seems to be using VNC, https://www.reddit.com/r/androiddev/comments/18psg3p/linux_o...
It says it doesn't use VNC while others do:
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Thank you internet stranger. I like having termux running on my phone, just in case. I will definitely try this out.
The termux app is still way better when it comes to being an actual terminal emulator, however the stock app should get a lot better with android 16
Nice! Does it support virtual desktops ("Workspaces" on Ubuntu)?
Any idea where to find the source? Wondering how it's set up.
pKVM is upstream in mainline Linux.
AOSP, https://android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/V...
GrapheneOS, https://github.com/GrapheneOS/platform_packages_modules_Virt... & https://x.com/tuxpizza/status/1900431745146888488
does it do virgl?
I've not seen any public docs on AVF/pKVM accelerated graphics, but a recent Collabora article on Linux graphics virt pointed to vDRM as a long term direction, https://www.collabora.com/news-and-blog/blog/2025/01/15/the-...
Box64 is yet another option