Comment by desertrider12

The Cyc project basically achieved what you're talking about, even without approaching AGI. They manually programmed concepts and relationships between things into a huge knowledge graph. Then they had heuristics for choosing the appropriate version of facts for a given context (e.g. level of rigor). It was arguably able to use a library of abstractions similarly to what Chollet is talking about, but couldn't learn new ones automatically through exploration or play.