Comment by nayuki

3 months ago

We eliminated pennies in Canada in 2012 and the transition was a non-issue. The vast majority of retailers would round cash transactions to the nearest $0.05, but a few would round down to the nearest $0.05 in favor of the customer. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Withdrawal_of_low-denomination...

Canadian cash is better than American cash in several ways: No penny, durable polymer banknotes (instead of dirty wrinkly cotton paper), colorful banknotes (instead of all green) that are easy to distinguish, $1 and $2 coins in wide circulation (instead of worn-out $1 bills).

> the transition was a non-issue

I'm reminded of when Minnesota passed the Minnesota Clean Indoor Air Act (MCIAA) close to 20 years ago. (Some) restauranteurs - along with the GOP - made pronouncements about how this would destroy the economy. No one would go to out to eat or for a drink again. Doom and gloom.

Last I checked, there are plenty of restaurants open in the state, and things are going fine. In fact, just before the MCIAA went into effect, I had a newborn, and we went out to eat one time with him in tow. We asked for a non-smoking area but were placed immediately next to a family chain smoking. We decided to never go out to eat again until we could do so without risk of second-hand smoke.

My point is that there are frequently these predictions of things being impossible or even just incredibly difficult and not worth the effort, and in the end, it's not a big deal.

  • > I'm reminded of when Minnesota passed the Minnesota Clean Indoor Air Act (MCIAA) close to 20 years ago. (Some) restauranteurs - along with the GOP - made pronouncements about how this would destroy the economy. No one would go to out to eat or for a drink again. Doom and gloom.

    Yeah, they had done the same thing when California did the same thing 30 years ago. The fact that it didn't happen then didn't stop them from doing it everywhere else similar laws were subsequently proposed.

  • People overestimated the importance that smokers placed on being able to smoke in public.

    A Japanese airline (Air Do) tried reintroducing the smoking section in the 1990s. It did not go well for them, and Japan's tobacco use rate was several times the US's.

I'll agree on all but one point. The cotton/linen notes feel so much better in the hand than the candy wrapper plastic of Canadian bills. I know it's a dumb reason, but I just hate the feeling.

  • Australian here. Barely anyone uses cash anymore. It's weird to see debates about moving towards technology we had 35 years ago which we don't even use anymore.

    • But, a cashless society is not a panacea. It may be higher tech and more convenient, but it can have significant privacy costs, not to mention the issues with payment card networks engaging in censorship, charging fairly high transaction fees, and pushing the problem of fraud on their networks to every merchant. Considering the payment card network market is seemingly impossible to enter, and governments don't seem to be able or perhaps willing to regulate things, there are ways in which cashless is a downgrade. It would be nice if we could back up and try to resolve some of these issues in a durable by-design way, but sadly it's probably never happening.

    • Going to the US feels like going backwards in time in many ways. Banking, public transit, healthcare, education.

      A friend from Australia came to visit and after a day driving around New York State said “it feels half finished”

      2 replies →

  • Plus US dollars just have that smell to them. I wouldn't mind though if we rotated out some of the faces on the bills, e.g. Andrew Jackson

I am suspicious of any claims about relative cleanliness. As with wooden vs plastic cutting boards, our intuitions are likely misleading.

To be an effective fomite the currency has to not kill the microbe, and it has to readily give up the microbe to the next recipient. Organic materials like cotton or linen seem more likely to simply absorb a viral envelope or bacterial cell wall, thereby rendering it ineffective. Furthermore, the porous nature makes it more difficult for the note to give up any microbe that isn't immediately killed before it naturally dies over time.

A brief search of the scientific literature doesn't seem to show any conclusive results, but it does seem like the relative performance is pathogen specific.

The linked article raises a few problems that the US could have with that solution:

> Four states - Delaware, Connecticut, Michigan and Oregon - as well as numerous cities, including New York, Philadelphia, Miami and Washington, DC, require merchants to provide exact change.

  • This seems like a non-issue as long as they round the price down. Because there's no law that the store can't discount their total by a small amount and then provide exact change.

    "Congratulations customer, we have a special coupon today for $0.03 off your purchase. Here's your change :)"

    • > In addition, the law covering the federal food assistance program known as SNAP requires that recipients not be charged more than other customers. Since SNAP recipients use a debit card that’s charged the precise amount, if merchants round down prices for cash purchases, they could be opening themselves to legal problems and fines, said Jeff Lenard, spokesperson for NACS.

      5 replies →

    • I don't see why you couldn't do it in either case. If you modify the actual price, then you are giving exact change. Why wouldn't round() be as valid a price modification as floor()?

      3 replies →

  • > require merchants to provide exact change

    All the items in my dad's farm shop were priced so they came out to a round dollar amount after tax, and that was 40 years ago.

    • It’s far more complicated than that. There is no one sales tax for everyone.

      Oregon residents didn’t pay sales tax when making purchases in Idaho. Washington charges sales tax on out of state purchases if that state’s sales tax is less than Washington’s, including if it is zero.

  • If the US properly got rid of pennies (instead of Trump just doing another end-run around congress, by ordering the Mint to stop making them, on shaky legal ground), the legislation could easily supersede those state laws.

    • I think this is wrong.

      As far as I can tell the relevant statute is 31 USC §5112, and it does not require the minting of all authorized coins:

      “(a) The Secretary of the Treasury *may mint* and issue only the following coins: ... (6) ... a one-cent coin that is 0.75 inch in diameter and weighs 3.11 grams.”

      (Emphasis mine)

      There may be another clause somewhere that requires the Treasury to issue all coins, but that seems unlikely to me. The _number_ of coins to issue of each type is left to the discretion of the Treasury; why wouldn't that include the option to issue none?

      https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/31/5112

      5 replies →

American banknotes have numbers on them to easily distinguish the different values!

  • > The United States is the only country that prints all denominations of currency in the same size. The US and Switzerland are the only two countries that use the same colors for all of their various bills. Needless to say, this sameness of size and color make it impossible for a blind person to locate the correct bills to make a purchase without some sort of assistance, or confirm that he or she has been given the correct change by the sales clerk. Even people with partial sight may have trouble distinguishing a $1 bill from a $10, especially if the bill is old and worn.

    https://afb.org/blindness-and-low-vision/using-technology/ac...

    • It's a bit odd that the mint doesn't emboss the denomination in braille on each note. I'd think that there would be a way to do that and have it hold up pretty well in circulation?

      12 replies →

    • > The US and Switzerland are the only two countries that use the same colors for all of their various bills.

      Factually absolutely incorrect for Switzerland, and easy to verify. Swiss bank notes are and have been some of the most colorful (and pretty, I should say) around, and all have different sizes.

    • All U.S. bills in common circulation (all denominations except $2) have been different colors for 20 years.

    • The ten dollar bill has a somewhat different color than the other currency, somewhat yellowish.

  • From dealing with Euro notes, I like being able to look down at the money in the wallet and pull the right notes out based on color. With USD I need to take the bills out of the wallet.

  • And it would be even easier to distinguish them if they were different colors in addition to the printed numerals.

>Canadian cash is better than American cash in several ways: [...] $1 and $2 coins in wide circulation (instead of worn-out $1 bills).

I especially liked that the $2 coin breaks into 2 $1 coins if you drop it right. ;-)

(j/k, IIRC that was an early manufacturing defect)

Paying by card doesn't round, the amount charged is exact cents, or at least that's the way it worked last time I was in Canada.

Very similar to the Australian system. We eliminated the 1 and 2 cent coins in 1992 without issue.

Also has the polymer based colouful bank notes. Far easier to tell what you are handing over. Also given us some good names.

$5 (Pink) = Prawn/Piglet

$10 (Blue) = Bluey

$20 (Red) = Lobster/Red back

$50 (Yellow) = Pineapple/Banana

$100 (Green) = Avacado

So you get sentences like "They needed cash so I threw a pineapple at them".

  • > Very similar to the Australian system

    Yes, and in fact:

    > Once the design and substrate were chosen, the Bank of Canada negotiated a contract with Note Printing Australia (NPA) for the supply of the substrate polymer and the security features implemented in the design. The substrate is supplied to NPA by Securency International (now known as Innovia Films Ltd). The Bank also negotiated for the rights to the use of intellectual property associated with the material and security features owned by the Reserve Bank of Australia.

    -- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontier_(banknotes)

    And the material is https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polypropylene#Biaxially_orient...

All green notes are barely there anymore... the dollar bill itself. Even the five has some color now.

US $1 coins are available at banks but most Americans don't know they exist and if you hand one to a service person as a tip they sneer at you as though you handed them a quarter or foreign money.

In my country they round up if you pay in cash but they keep the cents for electronic payments.

So for instance 1.69 in cash would be 1.70 but if you pay with your phone it stays at 1.69

Canadian banknotes being different physical dimensions from each other makes them distinguishable to the visually impaired too.

  • You may be thinking of Euro notes, but the Canadian ones do have a braille code on them.

There are several US states where, by law, retailers are not allowed to give preferential treatment to credit card paying customers over cash paying ones. Which means, in those states, retailers will be required to always round transactions to the cash paying customer's benefit, where in other states the retailer is allowed to round to the nearest 5 cents. This is going to cost large retailers millions.

Interestingly many of them had already put the work into updating the cash register software to allow for this due to the penny shortages during covid.

I simply don’t like coins because they are heavy. I will continue to prefer $1 bills over $1 coins. Agree with the rest of your points though.

I honestly don't know why we don't get rid of nickels and dimes as well. What can you still buy that costs less than $0.25?

  • When we got rid of the half-penny, it was worth more in 2024 cents than the dime is now.

    We waited so long past when we should have gotten rid of the penny that now a coin ten times as valuable is also worthless enough that we ought to get rid of it.

  • Yes, the quarter is pretty much the smallest useful unit of US currency and even that usefulness is shrinking pretty quickly.

    If we would adopt a policy of including local sales tax in advertised prices, skipping to whole dollars would be pretty painless.

    The main reason to keep at least quarters is all of the various coin-op machines that are still in service.

    • The US has too many tax permutations for this to be practicable. Companies would have to make prices a bit higher to accommodate unexpected sales tax increases in some or other jurisdiction.

      There's a small industry that specializes in knowing what the sales tax for a particular transaction should be at the moment it goes through.

      4 replies →

  • So how would you propose paying for something that cost $0.40, or would you just like to see all prices be multiples of 25c?

    BTW, the reason for wanting to get rid of the penny isn't so much the low purchasing value, but more that they cost more to make (~4c) than their face value, so the government loses money making them. The same is true of nickels.

  • My employer has a 55¢ vending machine with a dodgy bill validator.

    • I was once at a place that had a vending machine that accepted U.S. Currency as well as coupons. I wish I saved one of those coupons and reverse-engineered it and see if it worked on other machines, oh well.

That's because in Canada you actually prepared for the transition, instead of just proclaiming it in a tweet.

Same in UK but we also size each face value differently.

Which helps partially sighted people and is a good visual check.

  • It doesn't happen very often, but resizing coins when a new design is created strikes me as annoying.

    Last time I was in the UK I also found it funny how large the 2p coin is compared to its value.

> $1 and $2 coins in wide circulation (instead of worn-out $1 bills).

This has its own pros/cons...

One advantage of $1 bill over coin is the majority of people in US don't need a wallet with zipper to hold coins. Five $1 bills is much less bulky and much lighter than five $1 CAD or five 1€ coins

  • Of course everything has its pros and cons, but not all of them are worth considering.

    The amount of wallets with zipper is a country is not worth considering when discussing what coins should be minted.

  • I would contend that 5 bills are more bulky than 5 coins. The only upside of dealing with US bills when travelling in the US is that you feel like a millionaire when you pull out the massive wad of bills from your pocket.

I mean. I can't remember last time I used cash. Not in the last 5 years that is for sure. Once I paid someone with Venmo as that was the only way they could take it. Other than that time, I don't remember using cash at all. In SF the two only moments I can recall needing cash for is either some old self-service laundromats or funnily, chinatown where most of it is still cash. In fact recently a bunch of locations I go to often have become cashless. So you wouldn't be able to pay cash even if you wanted to. Business that are cash only do it for one reason, and one reason only, and we all know what that reason is. Slowly but steadily the volume of retail consumer cashflow is turning to digital. Cash is not going away today. Many seniors don't want / know how to use digital payments. Trends show we are moving toward all-digital. Probably 10 years from now +95% of retail will be cash-less.

> We eliminated pennies in Canada in 2012 and the transition was a non-issue.

That's because Canada had a plan, thought it through, and rolled it out.

In the US...

“We had a social media post (by Trump) during Super Bowl Sunday, but no real plan for what retailers would have to do,” he said, referring to the president’s February announcement.

We have a deranged old man posting random shit on social media determining federal policy, so of course it's a chaotic shitshow.

We elected a clown, we got a circus.

  • Unlike serving as a Republican politician, clowning requires a lot of work and training. It's nothing resembling an unskilled job. Ringling Bros. would do a lot better.

US notes also stink.

  • I don't get the downvotes. I'm not saying "stink as in I don't like it". US notes literally smell, and I've not gotten that from other currency.

    It's not even controversial. If you Google it you'll find that it's even a deliberate anti counterfit technology.

Better is very subjective here. I hate the colorful, plastic, canadian money. It feels toyish, like monopoly money. Whereas USD feels much more nice to deal with.

  • As a Canadian with kids who recently bought Monopoly, I can you tell you that American money objectively feels much more like Monopoly money...