Comment by p_l

4 hours ago

Well, here I am following what people who worked on CPUs at the time wrote.

And from the point of microcoded system like x86 and 680xx were (including 68060) it is important to how many microinstructions your instruction stream will decode - something that greatly favours ISAs that are not orthogonal - and major reason why x86 often has 1.2-1.6 ratio of microinstruction to instruction for overall program code.

Orthogonality makes it problematic because while it's easy in "interpreter microprogram" style of old and easy to program in assembly for, it means that for example for 68k you have to deal with many addressing modes for every operand - whereas x86 pretty much fuses it between 1 to 2 instructions because only one operand can have any computed address, and scope of available computation is limited (even compared to just 68000).

This means that while both architectures can use "translation microcode" approach, one (x86) will easily decode into one or two 72bit instructions (using P6 here) with worst case involving somewhat rare 3 operand form of memory address (which still can only happen for one operand of the instruction, not both)

The non-technical parts I won't dispute.