Comment by jandrese

10 hours ago

It becomes a larger problem as the world moves away from fossil fuels like natural gas.

I'm not a chemist but are there really no alternatives? Running fusion plants to make helium seems very unlikely to become cost effective, but it would be quite the sci-fi future if we filled party balloons by bombarding hydrogen with free protons.

I guess there aren't any easy molecules to break apart to get helium either since its a noble gas. No hydrolyses type solutions because there aren't any molecules that incorporate helium. I guess radioactive decay, but even that is ultimately limited over long enough timescales.

There are NO alternatives. There's nothing else that stays liquid at 4 K and absolutely nothing else comes close.

  • > There are NO alternatives.

    We use a lot in our MR scanners.

    The tech is changing and magnets are using far far less.

    Super-conduction at higher temperatures has made progress too.

    So while you are right that nothing else stays liquid at those temps, we won’t be needing nearly as much helium in radiology in the next few years.

    The new generation use something like 700ml of helium, where the standard was hundreds of litres. https://magneticsmag.com/siemens-healthineers-gets-fda-clear...

  • The article itself spells out several alternatives to buying continuous amounts of Helium: high temperature semiconductors and zero boil-off systems that don't require a continual supply.

    All these "we're going to run out" stories pretend that engineering cannot adapt to changing cost structures, which is just total nonsense.

    Sure, there is nothing that can be directly substituted for how we use Helium today, but clearly we're using Helium inefficiently today and the answer is that once markets force us to change, we will find more efficient ways.

> it would be quite the sci-fi future if we filled party balloons by bombarding hydrogen

How dangerous are party balloons filled with hydrogen? Not a whole balloon arch obviously.

  • I had a science teacher that did this in class, then taped a match on the end of a yardstick and held it under the balloon. They made quite a bang. I wouldn't want to be right next to it when it went off.

> It becomes a larger problem as the world moves away from fossil fuels like natural gas.

I actually remember a similar problem from some compound that was mainly formed as a byproduct of some old Canadian nuclear reactor design. As the tech gets phased out, the material is no longer available in significant quantities, with consequences for a projects that need it (like Iter).

Some things can be cheap if they are produced as a byproduct, but very expensive if they have to be obtained directly.