Comment by jeremyjh

Their concurrency models are very similar. By default there is a thread per core and the scheduler can move a process to another thread at any time. All I/O is async. Like Go, when code calls into foreign native code (NIF / cgo) the scheduler puts it on its own OS thread.

One advantage BEAM had for a long time is preemption is built into the VM and based on reductions. Go didn't have true preemption until 1.14 (before that it could only preempt at function boundaries) and its a very complicated implementation based on async signals sent from a runtime thread.